• Editorial
  • I Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
    • 1 Harnessing AI for Geoinformatics and Weather Forecasting
      • 1.1 What is Geoinformatics?
      • 1.2 AI in Weather Forecasting
      • 1.3 Real-Life Applications of AI in Geoinformatics and Weather Forecasting
      • 1.4 Technologies and Tools Used
      • 1.5 Challenges and Future Prospects
      • 1.6 Conclusion
      • 1.7 Further Reading
    • 2 Understanding the Basics of Vision Transformers- Part I
      • 2.1 Challenges in Vision Tasks
      • 2.2 Comparison of CNNs and Transformers in Vision Tasks
      • 2.3 Adapting Transformers for Images: Vision Transformers
      • 2.4 Conclusion
  • II Astronomy and Astrophysics
    • 1 Black Hole Stories-11: Energy Extraction from a Rotating Black Hole
      • 1.1 Static and One-Way Surfaces, and Event Horizon
      • 1.2 Kerr Rotating Black Hole
      • 1.3 Particle energetics
      • 1.4 Penrose Process
      • 1.5 Astrophysical applications
      • 1.6 Magnetic Penrose process
    • 2 How do we know the Sun's temperature?
      • 2.1 Introduction
      • 2.2 How far away is the Sun?
      • 2.3 How big is the Earth's radius?
      • 2.4 How do we know the Sun's mass?
      • 2.5 Blackbody temperature of the Sun
      • 2.6 What is the Sun's core temperature?
  • III Biosciences
    • 1 Advancements in Brain-Machine Interfaces, Understanding Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Cognitive Neuroscience
      • 1.1 Introduction
      • 1.2 Brain-Machine Interfaces (BMIs)
      • 1.3 Understanding Neurodegenerative Diseases
      • 1.4 Brain Stimulation Methods
      • 1.5 Cognitive Enhancement
      • 1.6 Conclusion
    • 2 Bead Chip Technology: Simplifying Genetic Analysis
      • 2.1 What is DNA Microarray
      • 2.2 Principle of DNA Microarray
      • 2.3 Types of Microarray
      • 2.4 Conclusion